Tomato

Origin
Tomato is cultivated all over the world and considered as the most important crop. The original home of tomato has not been known until now, however it is estimated that the place is Peru to pacific and Andes Mountains, throughout Ecuador. In prehistoric times, it is assumed that it spreaded from Andes plateau to the middle America and Mexico with movement of America indian. Today, the cultivated breed has been evolved from the wild small tomato(L. esculentum var. cerasiforme). It is found in south America, middle America, Zambia, Borneo, Hawaii and so on.
It is assumed that its introduction time to Korea was Lord Kwanghae period of Chosun dynasty. Tomato of America origin was introduced. But actually tomato cultivation goes back about 40~50 years in Korea. On the first 1960s, cultivation skills was spread and common. On the late 1960s, facilities cultivation got into its stride and contributed to the farming income. Finally compared to foreign development, it is so weak but gradually excellent domestic seedlings companies may rear and spread it. Cultivation site and a yield
This is cultivation site at the annual report in Korea.
On the standard of 1992, at the province cultivation site, Kyeongnam is 453ha, Kyeonggi 414ha, Chungnam 356ha, Chonnam 361ha. Among them, raising outdoors site in Kyeonggi is 152ha, Kyeongbuk 124ha, Kyeongnam 115ha, Kangwon 96ha. Facilities raising site in Kyeongnam is 338ha, Chonnam 322ha, Chungnam 313ha.
On the production at the annual report, there is difference from the cultivation site. On the whole, comparing to raising outdoors, there is more production per unit area by the facilities raising. Because of it, the raising outdoors is decreasing and the facilities raising is increasing. The production per unit area by varieties and cultivation skills is 90,374M/T on 1991( outdoors 15,092, facilities 74,475), 117,438M/T( outdoors 21,440, facilities 95,998). Cultivated character
Tomato is good to have soil adjustment and adapt the bad environment comparing to other crops. Until now in Korea, there is no difference of price by the crop quality. So many quantity crops than good quality crops are necessary and emphasized. But because of depending on only quantity than quality, tomato can be cultivated in the poor environment and the level of cultivation skills is quite low compared to other crops. Eventually, on the occasion of opening foreign crops, facilities improvement and technical development should be high quality and international competition should be also promoted.
In the land using respect, tomato is rotation crop in 4~5 years because of damage from disease and harmful insects. on the facilities raising in the guardian hill complex, repeated cultivation is normal but because of damage from disease and harmful insects, recently a good medicine cultivation without any problem is spreading gradually. In the case of raising outdoors, because of being planted in the packing for 100~150 days comparatively, cultivation period is somewhat long but after culture and then by the post cultivation, planting system for autumn vegetables is implemented.
Moreover, On the other side of cultivation longer through the facilities cultivation, because of planning the planting system with other corps annually, doing low step early cultivation (under 3 steps), there is one crop among adaptable crops in the land using respect.
Economical character
When checking the tomato amount by the month, marketed to Galakdong agricultural and marine products wholesale store, Seoul. mainly on a definite spot of April as a marketing time of forcing culture and anti-forcing culture, partly flat culture, the price is quite high in March, May, September and December.
The annual price of tomato is difference at a rich or poor harvest. In case of the standard of outdoors tomato on 1992 at the income by the planting form, the net income is 1,121,100 in total income 1,615,173. And income rate is 70.8%. In the case of facilities tomato, the net income is 75.8% of total income 6,285,078 per standard 6,877kg. Therefore, facilities cultivation is profitable than raising outdoors in the income.
On the case of Golangi bigalim cultivation, there ar more production than raising outdoors and high tendency on the income. Recently small tomato is increasing and mainly it is used in hotel as special food, airplane meal, gift and side dishes.